Workplace Observation Essays -- essays research papers

The organization I work for is DBS, it is a world leader in the development and manufacture of compact, professional infra-red electronic testing tools. The confederacy was founded in 1940, it has more than 2,000 employees around the world. DBS products are used by technicians and engineers in service, installation, maintenance, manufacturing test and quality functions in a variety of industries throughout the world. I fork over only worked for DBS for 4 months and I am proud to be part of the organization. The work environment is wonderful, educational and enjoyable.Organizational PoliciesIn DBS, the policies are an important heed tool. Policies reflect the rules that control the performance of the organization processes. Every company that my organization has around the world are subject to follow through the company policies. in all employees are responsible to understand every policy no exemptions. They have to sign a document, which states that they read the companies polic ies, and understand that they need to follow them and will be liable if they do not. The policies in my organization helps employees understand the expectations about the work environment, communicate standards of action and behavior as well as helping modern hires get up to speed about how things work in the organization. In addition, it helps increase professionalism and efficiency in the organization as well as to comfort the company from possible legal actions. The policies also help management attai...

Body Image Essays -- Psychology, Physiology

When navigating to the official website of ego, one of todays leading wo custodys magazines, I was not move to immediately stumble upon a photograph of two slender women, in skimpy shorts and sports bras, exercising on the beach. Flat belly Secrets was the headline to a lower place the image, along with the subtopics Magic Moves that Work Your Whole Core, Superfoods for a Sexy Stomach, and 4 Ab Mistakes Everyone Makes. It is no secret that modern American culture gives great grandeur to body image, namely to having a perfect physique, although a vast majority of the population is far from attaining give tongue to physique. I struggled for years to make peace with my stimulate body and obtain a positive body image, hence why I have chosen to research body image and the media, focusing more(prenominal) on the fe phallic aspect of it.With so much attention being given to peoples perceptions of their own physical beauty, numerous studies have been conducted on men and women of all ages. Every single study I read about in gathering information for this report showed that body image dissatisfaction, the skin perceptiveness that people may have that their actual physical appearance is not how they would ideally like it to be (Kovar), is experienced by an astonishing number of men and women. That being said, it was also evident from the research that women are significantly more affected by body image dissatisfaction. One particular study of male and female undergraduates concluded that compared to mens perceptions, womens body image perceptions place greater pressure on them to lose weight (Fallon and Rozin). Body dissatisfaction is a risk factor for eating disorders and is said to be most common in Western cultures, predominantly with teenage girls (Boone and... ...ave A Negative Impact On Body Image And Behaviors? Factors And Processes Related To Self And Identity. Journal Of Social & Clinical Psychology 28.1 (2009) 1-8. Academic Search Premier.Fallon, A. E ., & Rozin, P. (1985). Sex differences in perceptions of desirable body shape. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 94(1), 102-105. doi10.1037/0021-843X.94.1.102Kovar, Allie. Effects of Media on Body Image. Health Psychology. Vanderbilt University, 30 Apr. 2009. Web. 02 Feb. 2012. .SELF Magazine, Nutrition, Health and Advice Self.com. Web. 03 Feb. 2012. .Thompson, J. Kevin, and Eric Stice. Thin-Ideal Internalization Mounting Evidence for a New Risk Factor for Body-Image Disturbance and Eating Pathology. ongoing Directions in Psychological Science 10.5 (2001) 181-83. Print.

Use of Light and Darkness in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essa

Use of Light and darkness in Joseph Conrads look of Darkness Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness contrasts swooning and darkness, to represent the genteel and risky sides of the world. Conrad uses light to represent the civilized side of humanity while contrasting the dark with the uncivilized and savage. Throughout the thematic stages of the novel, that is the Thames river London, the companys office in Belgium, the journey to the heart of darkness and the conclusion, light and dark is used to represent these sides of humanity, but on a deeper level many assumptions of darkness and light are challenged, with the appearance of light and dark, and in turn good and evil contrasting with the reality. From the initial setting, the Thames river, London, on the cruising yawl the Nellie, light and darkness are used to symbolize the good and evil side of humanity. Marlows tale of the Congo is where light and darkness is used to represent the civilized and uncivilized. Marlow dialogue of the lights that are reflected in the water, creating the idea that the members of the Nellie are civilized. The lights of London are again used represent the civilized nature of the corporation, with connotations of good coming from the bright lights of civilization. still this is then contrasted with the juxtaposition of the light, with Marlow saying - And this also has been one of the dark places of the Earth. By saying this Marlow is portraying London as a city with once the same darkness of civilization, of which the civilized Romans brought light to. This establishment of light representing the civilized demonstrates the dominant assumptions of the white society, later in the novel it is demonstrated that civilized does no... ...story. However Conrad also challenges many assumptions of darkness being solely associated with evil, and light being solely associated with good, as throughout the novel the light of the white society is critiqued, representing the evil side of hu manity. Works Cited and Consulted Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. Middlesex, England Penguin Publishers, 1983. Gillon, Adam. (1982). Joseph Conrad. Twaynes English Author Series Number 333. Kinley E. Roby, ed. Boston Twayne. Joseph Conrad. The Encarta 1998 Encyclopedia Online. Microsoft, 1998. Kunitz, Stanley J. Joseph Conrad. Twentieth Century Authors Vol. T. New York H.W. Wilson Company, 1942. 307-9 Stape, J.H.. The Cambridge Companion to Joseph Conrad. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. Taylor, Derek. Conrads Heart of Darkness. The Explicator. No.4 Summer 1998 195-8.

Lincoln, Labor and Liberation Essay example -- United States History L

Lincoln, Labor and LiberationThe free fag out political theory of the nineteenth century was grounded in the beliefs that Northern free labor was superior to Southern slave labor. The key factor that made this system unique was the opportunity it offers wage earners to rise to property-owning liberty. 1 It was this free labor ideology and not the republicanism of the Revolutionary War era that caused slavery to be problematic by the time of the Civil War. This ideology was comprehensiveit had economic, social, moral, and political aspects. All facets of the theory need to be explored in order to fully understand how and why slavery became such an important issue. Free labor became the center of the Republican ideology in 1852, with the foundation of the Republican Party. It was the result of the economically expanding, enterprising, and competitive society of the early nineteenth century. The word labor had slowly begun to take on refreshing meaning. Previously, it meant only those who were involved in the production of goods. Society was strictly divided into two main groups, those who worked and those who profited from the work of others. By the 1840s, the wage-earning labor class was delineate as the entire North. It was made up of those men who owned their own farms, worked their own soil, were educated, and most importantly, were independent. Free labor ideology drew few distinctions betwixt classes. A laborer was a craftsman, a merchant, a small businessman, or a farmer. Northern society offered opportunities to all who sought them, and enabled most to achieve independence and property. Northerners believed this economy would lead to a more equal distribution of wealth, rather than aid the development of a... ...onville, The Abolitionists, December 3, 200110 Foner, 11111 Foner, 23512 Richard D. Brown, Major Problems in the Era of the American Revolution, 1760-1791 (Boston Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000), 409 13 Brown, 41014 Jo seph J. Ellis, base Brothers the Revolutionary Generation (New York Alfred A. Knoph, Publisher, 2000) 15815 Kevin Tanner, Sectionalism 1850s, lecture given at Binghamton University December 5, 200116 Brown, 27417 Brown, 28118 Brown, 28219 Ellis, 8120 Ellis, 15821 McConville, Slavery From Rebellion to Revolution, November 5, 200122 McConville, From Jacksonian Democracy to Sectional action, November 28, 200123 James M. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom the Civil War Era (New York Ballantine Books, 1988), 2824 Foner, 309

I Was Mugged Essays -- Personal Narrative, essay about myself

I was mugged tonight. It was about 11pm, and I was locomote home from the gym, and for some reason I decided to the Other Route. I walked buck Valencia to 15th instead of 14th, and headed down the block thats supposed to be one of the worst in the city, along the side of the Valencia Street Projects. It was a beautiful, warm night, and rafts of people were hanging out outside. It looked like a few drug deals were being had, but usually no one hassles me. I was wearing my rupture up jeans jacket that I bought 13 years ago in high school, my jogging shorts and old Nikes, and my hair was all messy. How the hell could I have looked like a person with money? I was walking down this one particular block, thinking to myself, wow, racism is bad. And then I pattern about how this block was one of the first things that people warned me about when I moved into my hood, and how mad at me my ex-boyfriend John would be if he knew I was walking down that street, and how my parents would be pissed, and how really, logically speaking, it was a picturesque stupid thing to do. But I made eye contact with one dude who was pretty cute and he smiled at me and I smiled at him and I kept walking, thinking, well, there are some cute people in the projects. I wa... ...ds them. You featherbrained losers You got my money, but you dont have my pride. (Sure it is a clich, but hell, give me some credit, I did just get mugged) You two are the losers for doing that Why bother filing a report? These skinny kids have enough problems without having the cops go in there and remind them how desperate and lacking in dignity they are. In the war between good and evil, it is not always who walks away with the goods, but the who deserved them in the first place, and how they were attained. So I trotted home to write this up. Thirty bucks for a account to tell. Not a bad deal, really.

I Was Mugged Essays -- Personal Narrative, essay about myself

I was mugged tonight. It was about 11pm, and I was walking home from the gym, and for about causation I decided to the Other Route. I walked down Valencia to 15th instead of 14th, and headed down the block thats supposed to be one of the worst in the city, along the side of the Valencia Street Projects. It was a beautiful, warm night, and tons of people were hanging out outside. It looked like a few drug deals were being had, but ordinarily no one hassles me. I was wearing my torn up jeans jacket that I bought 13 years ago in high school, my jogging bunco and old Nikes, and my hair was all messy. How the hell could I have looked like a person with money? I was walking down this one particular(a) block, thinking to myself, wow, racism is bad. And then I thought about how this block was one of the first things that people warned me about when I moved into my hood, and how mad at me my ex-boyfriend John would be if he knew I was walking down that street, and how my parents would be pissed, and how really, logically speaking, it was a pretty stupid thing to do. But I make eye contact with one dude who was pretty cute and he smiled at me and I smiled at him and I kept walking, thinking, well, there are some cute people in the projects. I wa... ...ds them. You pathetic losers You got my money, but you dont have my pride. (Sure it is a clich, but hell, give me some credit, I did just get mugged) You devil are the losers for doing that Why bother filing a report? These skinny kids have enough problems without having the cops go in there and remind them how desperate and lacking in dignity they are. In the war between good and evil, it is not always who walks away with the goods, but the who deserved them in the first place, and how they were attained. So I trotted home to write this up. Thirty bucks for a story to tell. Not a bad deal, really.

A Day Worth Remembering

April 10, 2007 is a day I will never forget. It was the day I gave birth to my son. Beforehand, I archetype it would all be a piece of cake, solely to my surprise, it was far from that. On my way to a routine check-up, it seemed as if all I was able to think about was how baneful my back hurt and that I could not conceal to have this baby. I arrived at the doctors office and everything seemed to be running smoothly. I sit in the small, cramped room for what seemed like forever afterward the nurse had gotten my vitals.The doctor finally came into the room and asked me how I was feeling. I communicate her that besides the feature that I was wobbling around and carrying an extra 30 pounds, I felt just fine. She then looked at me with a facial expression that had me thinking the worse. She informed me that my blood pressure was done the roof and that they would have to induce my labor. There I was, a first time mom about to go through something that I had never experienced before. Nervous doesnt even begin to describe the feelings that I was having at that time and moment.I called my husband and informed him that I was existence sent to the maternity ward. Calling him did not help me to calm down. To be honest, I think I was calmer than he was which was surprising since he had been through this before. Finally, after all the questions and trying to comprehend what was going on, he was on his way. I was finally taken upstairs to the maternity ward and admitted. Not too ache after arriving, I was given Pytocin to get the contractions started, a drug given to speed up the dilation of the cervix, since there was a chance of my sons heart rate dropping.Shortly after I was examined, I was diagnosed with severe Preeclampsia, a condition in which the blood pressure is significantly high and chances of seizures and liver ill luck can occur. Not only was I diagnosed with something that I had never heard of with the potential to become fatal, the woman in the next room all over that was very giving birth at that time was screaming her heart out. I wanted to dart out of that place. I was beyond terrified. I sat there in a daze for most of the day since I was on so many different medications. You would have never thought that I was in labor because I was hooked up to so many machines.I felt like this was the worst day of my life and swore I would never do it again. The sharp, rushing pains of contractions kept coming, and to me, life as I knew it sucked. Whenever the pain came along, it would be stronger, longer, and more unbearable than the last. This lasted for an eternity in my eyes and I could not wait for it to be over. I eventually made it to the ten centimeters required to deliver. I was almost to the finish line and I was ready for it to be done and over with. With my husband and mother at my side, I felt invincible.They gave me the energy that was necessary to make it through one of the most important days of my life. I had my grai ny face on and nothing stood in between me and giving birth to the son I was dying to meet. I began to push. The first push and I thought my lungs had collapsed. I was determined to end the long journey I had been on for nine months. With the second and last push came a beautiful, little baby boy. entirely that I had gone through was well worth it and if I had to do it all over again I would. April 10, 2007 was one of the most terrifying but happiest days of my life and I will always remember every detail of it.

British Judiciary

Does the composition of the Judiciary adequately represent British society today? The key purpose of this essay Is to seek and critically analyses the current composition of the British tribunal as it stands today. Using statistics, reports and articles this paper will attempt to illuminate the subject, and in turn, explain why the judiciary seems to be a force of sure-enough(a), white males, yet has an app arent absence of women and ethnic minorities amongst the higher(prenominal) positions of the courts organization.To fully accomplish this objective there are a number of areas that this paper hopes to dress Insightfully and Informatively, the first of these being social perceptions of the Judiciary, and to explore If this has any Impact on Its organic law. Secondly, we will examine the education system in the lead and after the 20th century. Here, we will catch at changes, if any, that establish been made to accommodate more of a diverse make up of judges. Lastly, we will lo ok into discrimination, and if this plays any factor in the current Judiciary.Picture in your mind, a Judge in court. Almost everyone will have a similar Image an older gentleman, most likely middle class In a flowing gown and a white wig upon his head. This stereotype seems to be almost internal Into public consciousness, even to the point that the opening line on the governments judiciary diversity page reads A common description of a judicial office-holder is sickish and male a white man, probably educated at public school and Sobering. 1 Is this a fair representation of British society today?A resounding No is the most likely answer. However, could It not also be a statement of the type of person applying to and climbing the ladders of the British legal system? One could argue that this reception almost immediately hinders people not of that typecast to even try to enter the legal field in worry of failure. Unfortunately, this is a much wider, and slightly off topic area th at would need further adopt in order to obtain a veracious answer. When addressing education, we moldiness look back, to history, in order to move forward.Prior to 1930, women were excluded from gaining degrees from two of the more prestigious universities, Oxford and Cambridge, and even needed special permission Just to attend lectures. This Is disentanglely a huge factor when addressing the question of why there Is a disparity between the Judiciary and the current make up of British society. A take on in 2004 by the Sutton Trust2 found that 81% of judges had attended either Oxford or Cambridge. When we take this into account, we see that it is a very esoteric selection that makes up the settle of the English court system.Another factor to look at is the time it takes to ascend the ranks of the Judiciary. One possible argument Is that the current make up of Judges reflects upon those who were entering the legal field many historic period ago, when women and ethnic minorities m ay have men either discouraged, or simply barred from entering higher education. Take for example the current Lord Chief Justice Baron Thomas of Complied. Baron Thomas was called to the bar in 1969, and after working his appearance up through the positions of the courts systems, was appointed Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales on 1 October 2013.What we can take from this information is that It does Indeed take an extraordinarily dour time to ascend ranks In the English legal system. If we look back compared to today, we see that the number of female barristers has more than doubled. A study in 2010 by the Bar Council3 showed 53% of all barristers in England are now female. If this trend continues surely we will see a marked improvement in the makeup of the English Judiciary in years to come. When addressing possible discrimination, it is important to base arguments on facts and statistics, rather than conjecture, in order to draw a valid conclusion.A study by the Law Society shows that in the year 2005, Of the 9,665 students enrolled with the Society, 63. 5% were women and 25. 2% were from a minority ethnic group, compared with only 54% and 17. 2% respectively in 1994-954 What this tells us is that women ND ethnic minorities entering the legal field is on the rise, which is in stark contrast to the notion mentioned earlier that there is a clear absence. As we discussed earlier, the amount of time it takes to ascend through the court systems is lengthy and arduous.This coupled with the fact that white males were predominately applying for legal Jobs some forty or so years ago, perhaps shows that the higher courts are limited in the people they choose to appoint to the most senior roles. A study conducted in 2011 by the House of Lords Constitution Committee5 showed that only 5. % of Judges were Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic, and 22. 3% were women. Again, does this show a lack of diversity in the courts, or simply corroborative changes brought forward by changing social standards?To really address this issue, one would have to re-evaluate the court structure in another fifteen to twenty years to assess whether or not women and ethnic minorities are in more prominent positions at that time. To encapsulate, I would simply say from the research I have conducted, that there is a very narrow spectrum for the Judiciary to promote from. Given that we already have nee female Judge in the Supreme Court, this to me shows that women are making it into the higher positions of the court system.Unfortunately, this doesnt seem to be happening quickly enough, with recommendations to increase diversity including statements such as While appointment based on merit is vital and should continue, the committee supports the application Offs 159 of the Equalities Act 2010 to Judicial appointments. This would allow the desire to encourage diversity to be a relevant factor6. I would argue however, that diversity for the sake of diversity itself is not me eting that should be forced, especially when dealing with something as important as a countries legal infrastructure.Whilst I agree that there perhaps should be a more diverse purge of people in the English Judiciary, I must stress that this is something I feel should be allowed to happen naturally, at its own course. When looking at statistics for female and ethnic minorities, we have seen a sharp rise in the range of individuals entering and being promoted through the legal hierarchy. This surely speaks for itself, and any promotions or appointments made based upon raying to create diversity could, in my opinion, be a recipe for disaster.

Sylvia Plath Theme of Honesty

Jade Bevan Word count 2821 Plath uses satin flower in the character or Esther to reflect her personal anxieties. Explore the theme of honesty in The chime Jar by Sylvia Plath and Emily Dickinsons Selected Poems. In the course of your authorship show how your ideas have been illuminated by your response to Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger and other readings of both texts. The theme of honesty is one that is echoed throughout all told three of the authors writing, except is expressed in different ways. Sylvia Plaths character Esther Greenwood in The Bell Jar is much like J.D. Salingers character Holden Caulfield in Catcher in the Rye. Both characters have a cynical trend to constantly reveal their inner most opinions about the smart set around them, hold forthing their emotions about personalities and appearances. Plath and Salinger were both born in the early twentieth century, despite this had alone argue back establishs and upbringings. Plath experienced a quiet and s ubtle early life in Winthrop Massachusetts, a small seaport town. Whereas Salinger endu rose-cheeked a mainstream, fast paced and fashion fit outgrowth in the city of New York.Both these places can make a person incredibly sociable or utterly isolated. Emily Dickinsons Selected Poems also reveals honesty and she confesses her outgrowth gear in truth(prenominal) openly and concisely. Being born in the nineteenth century, Dickinson often expresses her opinions of the social place workforcet of women and their napricted lives. She is unlike the stereotypical woman of her era, and retaliates in her writing against the inequalities among the sexes. Many critics believe her to be a feminist.Throughout the Coming of age novel The Bell Jar, Greenwood, the protagonist narrator, is constantly breaking down situations, populate and objects around her, like saliva to food. She over analyses the nature of society all around her, and enjoys criticising. When Greenwood first introduces the reader to Doreen, the mischievous opposite to Greenwood, she contradicts her description beginning with I guess one of my troubles was Doreen. This disputation makes the reader begin to build a negative, unpleasant personality in their minds. However she concludes her escription with a mysterious sneer, as if all the pot around her were pretty silly and she could tell some good jokes on them if she wanted to. This statement shows a clear admiration for Doreen, differing from the initial introduction, nonetheless also shows Esther expressing her opinion of Doreen being a entertain chassis of person, but likes that about her. This could be considered to be a hidden metaphor, for Greenwoods slow fair into depression and madness, beginning with confusion and uncertainty, typical signs of lunacy, which reflects the rest of her story. This is an upfront and honest introduction to the novel.This shows a friendship between the two characters, but a kind that is of a girlish jealous nature. Greenwood clearly admires Doreens personality but envies her social power at the same time. Plath also reveals Greenwoods detachment and disaffection from others throughout the novel, isolating her character. This could be to remind the reader of her insane self compared to the sane society and people around her. This can be explained through Greenwood stating I felt myself shrinking to a small black dot against all those red and white rugs, and that pine-panelling.I felt like a hole in the ground, in this short description of her feelings, she shows vast indications of isolation and depression. The use of the words shrinking and small reflect her feelings of disappearing and becoming non-existent to the world. Also, describing herself as black compared to the red and white rugs is a use of juxtaposition in the colours, which show how uninteresting she finds herself, being dull and dark in comparison to the bright vibrant rugs, which could postulate the rest of society ar ound her. This identification of herself could be considered an honest view of how others perceive her.A nonher character that is slated by Esthers criticism is Dr. Gordon. She belittles him by saying How could this Dr. Gordon assistant me anyway? With his beautiful wife, and his beautiful children, and his beautiful dog, haloing him like a Christmas card. Dr. Gordon is the psychiatrist who made a mistake during Esthers electroshock therapy in a terrible way. As the patriarch of the ideal American family, Dr. Gordon seems to represent American society, punishing Esther for going against social expectations, rejecting marriage and family.This shows her honesty and awareness of her social differences and views with the rest of society, and is mocking them for being so stereotypical. Her repetition of the word and reminds the reader of a list, almost as though Esther is expressing that on that point are endless differences between society and herself. J. D. Salinger uses the characte r of Holden Caulfield in parallel with Plaths character Greenwood, a first person, and protagonist narrator. Holden also fend fors with the illness of contradiction, alongside insanity of course, this is a nonher similarity the two characters share.The reader is introduced to an upfront, confident Holden, whom from the setting of the novel, is obviously tense with the topic of family, and starts by stating I dont feel like going into all of it, hence continues to go into it all by describe how annoyed his parents would be if he disc fall behindd any personal in classation, Especially my father. He is building a personality of his father without realizing, showing a particular conflict with his father, more so than other members of the family. He is also separating himself from his family in that he would openly discuss their issues, whereas his family would not.Essentially, the readers receive an immediate separation and self alienation from his family, and recognise Holdens criti cal personality from the start. It is clear that throughout The Bell Jar, the character of Esther is use by Plath to explore the theme of cozyity, and the effect the 1950s mental post towards sex had on the women of that time. Then he just stood there in front of me and I kept staring at him. The only thing I could think of was turkey neck and turkey gizzards and I felt very depressed. This description of buddys penis does not only reveal Esthers criticisms of other barely, but we begin to see her real attitude towards sex and Buddy himself. The cosmopolitan theme between Esther and Buddy is that of sexual tension and virginity, however, although Esther is supposed to be in love with buddy, its quite clear that she is not attracted to him and is not very fond of him altogether, we see this at the point where she is supposed to be at her most happy or intimate, when Buddy becomes naked in front of her, she feels very depressed.This may not be completely down to the appearance o f Buddys private parts, but may be Esthers attitude towards sex altogether, that she is only so eager to lose her virginity because it was the social norm, and wanted to be part of a great tradition. Esther shows her honest view upon societies attitude towards sex and its sexist inequalities towards sex when she says I couldnt stand the idea of a woman having to have a single pure life and a man being able to have a double life, one pure one not. Plath is trying to portray through Esther her rebellious opinions towards sexual inequalities between men and women.In the novel, Esther discovers that sexuality is divorced from any expression of love and passion. Sex for women is only a necessity within marriage to have children, and has no relevancy with romance or intimacy, Esther could be showing the reader her honest feelings of wanting to have a double life like the men of her era, and be able to experience sexual encounters out of passion and love, no just for starting a family, wi thout being judged. However could also be suggesting her view that all people should remain celibate until marriage, both men and women, but on both interpretations, she is yearning for equality amongst the sexes.With Emily Dickinsons unconventional style of writing and rebellious grammar, it is not a surprise that her metrical compositions do not meet the same literacy concepts as Plath and Salinger. Her poem A Narrow fellow In the Grass reflects her individuality and opposing touch of honesty towards sexuality in every stanza. The literal and logical interpretation for the poem is her longing to see a snake in the betray, but only being able to glance at sections of the snake. However, Luann Suhr claims that the poem is in fact about the fear a virgin has towards sex.This differs from Plath and Salingers utilization of blurting constant criticism of others, and shows a clear self aggravation and criticism. There are many literary devices used to allude to its sexual theme. Dic kinson shows the fear of a virgin by knowing the naturalness of sex yet still being afraid of it. This is accomplished through the literary devices of avatar, metaphor, and visual imagery. In the first line of the first stanza, by using the word fellow in her description of the snake she alludes to the snake in regards to man. In colloquial terms, the word snake is often used with regards to male genitalia.A narrow fellow can therefore be read as the male penis. This could also relate to her opinion of men being sneaky like snakes towards the concept of sex, compared to the expectations of a woman to remain celibate, showing her honest neglect of the sexist attitude that society has to sexuality. The second stanza The grass divides as with a comb- Aspotted shaft is seen- And then it closes at your feet and opens further on Dickinson has purposely used opposing adjectives to represent her curiosity about sex, how one mo she is captivated by the idea of losing her virginity, then th e succeeding(a) her mind closes her imagination because she knows she must remain celibate until marriage. It could also represent a previous sexual encounter that was never fulfilled, she is giving the reader an insight into her mind and how dividing her mind like this could cause her mental illness to thrive. Once she has captured a small snipping of understanding Aspotted shaft, her sub conscious closes her out. Dickinsons confusion is clear, it sounds almost as though she is at war with herself, insanity, society and again differs from Plath and Salinger in that she does not alienate herself from society, but from her own emotions and desires.Despite this, she carries on fantasizing about this sexual encounter by saying sudden is Dickinson is stating that this male is quick to ejaculate. This can be further proved by the line before which says, you may have met him. The word met can be referring to the sexual meeting, and therefore puts a sexual connotation to the next line. Wh en Dickinson reaches for this thing that scares her so much, it disappears. In the end of stanza four, she says, it wrinkled, and was gone. This is the visual imagery of a penis becoming flaccid.This man she is describing may represent her constant imply to please, and fit in. Her honest desperation to communicate her frame of mind seeps through, when the reader finishes the poem to discover, that not even in the final stanza, does she reveal the root of the poem or what its meaning is, leaving readers to feel her confusion, to have a sense of what it would be like to suffer from mental illness, not knowing why or understanding the thoughts she has. Her complete sincerity leaves the reader, in a state of confusion, reflecting her everyday agenda.An aspect of honesty which can be related to all three authors is the honesty with the self and self reflection. Sylvia Plath uses the character of Esther Greenwood to portray her own personal attributes that she struggled to express in rea lity. We see this when greenwood describes her drink as wet an depressing, the very statement that a drink is depressing shows how irritating her character is, in the sense that she complains and reverts anything and everything she sees or touches to seem as depressing as she is.This could be Plath expressing through Greenwood that she is riled by herself and her own character, the illness is not only discovered, but it irritates her, revealing a full acknowledgement of its existence. This honest analysis in itself portrays that Greenwood sees herself as an bother to society and this could explain her isolated behaviour, a fear of not being accepted. Another self reflective part of the novel is stage in which Esther begins to lose touch with herself worth, I started adding up all the things I couldnt do I felt inadequate. Up until the summer before Esthers of age(p) year, she had done a good job at being a student of literature. However the thought of entering the real world terr ifies her. The world she lives in seems to have no place for the literary ideals that she cherishes, which of course is her being pessimistic. This could be forcing her to doubt herself, and self worth towards the world, which may represent Plath attempting to portray Esther as feeling worthless and useless.Or, another view could be that Esther sees herself as being too complex and misunderstood for the simple minds and dreams of the typical American girl of that era. Emily Dickinson shows honesty with the self and self reflection in the poem The soul has Bandaged moments which explores through symbolism, an internalised spiritual and psychological state of experiences of the soul. Which is personified as a woman, and some may interoperate the personification to be Dickinson herself. In the first stanza it says The soul has bandaged moments which shows a physical and abstract out case and insight of the soul.It also implies injury and pain that could metaphorically mean that the sou l being personified as Dickinson, she is hurt by her mental illness and attempts to heal herself when she feels some ghastly fright come up to stop and look at her. This could represent her soul searching and not being fond of what she finds in her mind, or it could alternatively represent her mental illness of depression weirdie up on her, it has a sinister feel and may be considered that the mental illness is trespassing, on the privacy of her soul and self.She views this as a form of psychological assault and molester by using words in stanza two such(prenominal) as, caress and hovered-oer. These bring feelings of uncomfortability and helplessness to the reader. Dickinson is trying to express the unmercifulness of insanity. This shows Dickinsons fear of herself and her capability, some may view it as a panic towards her ever-growing stronger insanity and her ever-growing weaker free will against is. To conclude, a critic once claimed that Writers, who suffer with mental illness , are likely to revolve their writing around complete honesty of their mind.Which, in a sense, creates more emotional and believable connections with the reader, making the insanity seem normal, and allow the reader to feel an attachment with the author, some may consider this statement to be complete nonsense, however, the analytical evidence shows that there may be some truth in this observation. One may find the ability for Plath, Dickinson and Salinger, all of different era and lifestyle, to have managed to create such personalities and mind wondering scenarios with just the use of a single concept of honesty to be greatly admired.

Act 3 scene 3 is a Pivotal Scene In The Play Othello Essay

I pitch been studying the play Othello, written by William Shakespeare. As part of my coursework, I intend to fail spell 3 stab 3 of the play as a pivotal shaft. This lengthy facial expression is the ab divulge significant throughout the play, as it builds on previous events, and foreshadows events still to come.The leading characters within this spectacular and well written play are Othello who is besides known as the Moor, a sorry African prince living in a European, colour-prejudiced society, who is lead by Iago into thinking that his wife is unfaithful to him. Desdemona Othellos white Venetian devoted wife, only ascribable to a tricksy Iago, is suspected of infidelity and killed by her keep up. Iago Othellos ensign (standard bearer), who deviously plants suspicion in Othellos mind against his faithful wife. Cassio Othellos lieutenant, who is as well as manipulated by Iago, who wished for the position of the Moors lieutenant. Emilia Desdemonas maid and Iagos wife, who is loyal to both her mistress and conserve, however she is too killed receivable to her consignment to her economise. Roderigo A Venetian, who is also in get along with Desdemona, but is systematic in ally cheated by Iago, and Brabantio Desdemonas father, who is outraged when he hears of his daughters trades union to a erosive man.We first come across answer 3 scene 3 building on previous events when Desdemona reconciles Cassio and assures him that she volition do everything she can to make her husband reinstate him to his former position as Othellos lieutenant.Be molar concentration assurd, good Cassio, I will do all my abilities in thy behalf.This is the irony in her character that her sense of goodness will eventually be the cause of her closing, as Othello starts to suspect her. This builds on Iagos soliloquy in Act 1 scene 3, whither he reveals to the interview that he intends to create suspicion in Othellos mind that Desdemona is having a secret relationship wit h Cassio,that Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio, as she has no other reason as to why she has gone back on her promise.Othellos quick decisive nature is revealed as he dismisses Cassio in Act 2 prospect 3, with a few words from Iago as to why Cassio became quarrelsome with Roderigo.I know Iago, thy honesty and love doth mince this matter, make it tripping to Cassio. Cassio, I love thee, but never more be officer of mine.Iagos aim with this incident was to have a cause, for advising Cassio to fall uponk Desdemonas assistance, so that Othello suspicion of their relationship would extend, however now that he is also familiar with Othellos nature, he builds upon it in Act 3 scene 3, knowing that it would non be difficult to lead Othello to thinking that his wife is unfaithful to him.Desdemonas actions at the beginning of Act 3 scene 3, as she parts from cassio, builds upon Brabantios words of warning to Othello,look to her Moor, if thou hast eyes to see, she has deceived h er father, and whitethorn theeAs Iago sees Cassio parting from Desdemona, he prompts Othello, by sayingHa I like not that.This instantly reminds Othello of Brabantios earlier warning. If she deceived her father, the man who had loved and cherished her all her life, what would stop her from deceiving her husband? From this Othello starts to play into the hands of Iago as he starts to suspect Desdemona, making him see the meaning of Brabantios words more logically.Iagos devious character begins to unravel, as he informs the audience of his reign of terror in his soliloquy, at the end of Act 1 scene 3.Set on thy wife to observeOthellos trust for Desdemona totally vanishes throughout Act 3 scene 3, and through the manipulation of Iago. The view that he had that he had before of Desdemona, Oh my sweet is now a Lewd Minx. Due to his lack of knowledge nigh her actions his anger builds up and again we can see how Othello has been brainwashed. Othello becomes ignorant to the situation th at Desdemona is his wife, as he is not willing to listen to her thoughts however he is unforgiving to know of Iagos thoughts. He would normally see nothing wrong in Desdemonas thoughts, but since Iago had made him begin to doubt he looks for hinderance of his wifes infidelity everywhere. This shows the downfall of his marriage, as he has no faith left within his marriage and his wife.Iago puts his plan straight into action at the beginning of Act III scene iii when he and Othello are walking towards their wives. Iago notices Cassio walk away from them, so he uses this meeting to begin to change Othello of Desdemonas infidelityOthello tries to clear his own thoughts of Cassio, by questioning Iago,Othello Indeed? Ay indeed. Discernst thou ought in that? Is he not honest?Iago,men should be what they seemThis is ironic because Iago is preaching more or less honesty however he himself does not know the meaning of the word honesty. Once Iago has told Othello he thinks men should be honest he begins to comment on Cassios honesty,For Michael Cassio, I dare be sworn I think that he is honestwhy then, I think Cassios an honest manIt also creates the impression that Iago is reluctant to speak ill on the subject of Cassio who Othello thinks to be Iagos loyal and unfeigned friend. Iago again uses repetition to taunt Othello, and urge Othello to question more. Iago uses this device to make Othello see Cassio as an enemy, and himself to be loyal, therefore he may become Othellos lieutenant.Iago then advises Othello, to beware of jealousy, however this is ironic as Iago himself planted the seed of jealousy into Othellos mind, but is also warning him.O beware, my lord, of jealousy It is the one thousand eyed-monster which doth mock the meat it feeds on. That cuckold lives in bliss..Iago is again reluctant to speak, as he does not tell Othello straight that his wife is having an affair. Iago mentions that cuckold, he is referring to Othello, as a cuckold actually meant a man cheated informally by his wife, which he hints to Othello. However, Othello asks for test copy as he stills think that she may be honest.Iago comments on the importance of a reputation, (which Othello has),Good name in man and adult female, dear my lord, is the immediate jewel of their souls. still he that filches from me my good name robs me of that which not enriches him and makes me scurvy indeedHere Iago is threatening Othellos reputation by saying that a reputation is everything therefore it is his duty to protect that reputation, that jewel, which may be stolen by Cassio. However, this is very ironic as iago himself is stealing the jewel, and destroying Othello and Desdemonas reputation.After dropping all the pebbles, Iago, leaves Othello in a state of confusion, jealousy and hatred towards Desdemona, and Cassio. Othello is left only if and reveals in his short soliloquy his emotions and doubtsWhy did I marry..From this soliloquy we can see that iagos plan seems to be working as planned, as Othello doubts his marriage and love. Here we can see a complete change in Othellos character, as at the beginning of the scene Othello is completely in love with Desdemona, but by the end of the scene Othello is left regretting the day he married her.Race and colour were an important issue in Shakespeares time, and specially in this play, as Desdemona a white Venetian woman chose to marry a black African prince. Desdemona was not attracted to m any other men however sheAct three scene 3, is a pivotal scene as it builds on previous events which I have already explained, and also foreshadows events that afterward authorize in the play, which I shall explain now.After Iagos interference, Othello returns to his bedroom where he is complaining of a headache,I have a pain upon my forehead hereOthello is being ironic here, as he has a headache but not that which Desdemona thinks, the headache is actually due to the false accusations of Desdemonas infidelity. Desdemona tries to comfort Othellos pain in his head, however as she is leaving the room with Othello she drops her hankey, that which Othello first gave to her. As they leave Emilia, (Desdemonas mistress) is left cleaning their room when she sees the handkerchief, and keeps it. She gives the handkerchief to her husband Iago, who had been requesting for it, (unaware of Iagos plan) in desperation of his approval, as he had never accepted Emilia full-heartedly. Iago was in need of the handkerchief as he knew Othello was not redress to accept him without proof.This event foreshadows the destruction of Othello and Desdemona, as this later becomes induction for what Iago had been saying about Desdemona and Cassios affair, and Othellos suspicion is turned to doubt as Cassio is seen wiping his face fungus with it, deliberately presented by Iago. Othello (who is outraged) confronts Desdemona about the handkerchief in Act 3 scene 4. Othello demands for the handkerchief, but Desdemona do es not have it. She explains to him that she has misplaced it, however Othello does not believe her. Desdemona unknowingly infuriates Othello more, as she again brings up the topic of reinstating Cassio. Othellos speech is very short and repetitive,Othello Fetch me the handkerchief. My mind misgivesDesdemona .. Youll never meet a more sufficient manOthello The handkerchiefDesdemona I pray, talk me of cassioOthello The handkerchiefAs we see here, Othellos speech is short, and the handkerchief is repeated three times, this shows his uncertainty about the whole situation.The green-eyed monster which was mentioned by Iago in Act 3 scene 3, foreshadows Othellos jealous character throughout the rest of the play, as jealousy takes control of him. Iago continues to encourage Othellos jealousy in Act4 scene1, as Othello overhears Iago deliberately teasing Cassio about some woman, whom Othello assumes to be Desdemona. In Act 4 scene 1 we see Desdemona explaining to Lodovico (a messenger), tha t Cassio is no longer Othellos lieutenant, and that she thinks that Cassio should be reinstated, however Othello does not seem to agree,..I would do much tatone them, for the love I bear to cassioDesdemona is showing her loyalty to Cassios friendship however Othello is outraged with what she says, and what he had heard earlier, which results in him striking Desdemona. This shows Othello becoming the green-eyed monster, which Iago had already warned him of in Act 3 scene 3.Emilia was seen to be loyal throughout the whole play, to both her husband and mistress. This loyalty to her husband was the main cause of her death in the final act, as she gave the ultimate proof of Desdemonas innocence to her husband, in desperation of his approval, and as he had requested for it, which shows that she was being loyal to her husband as she did exactly as he required. This one mistake, which was done unknowingly also led to her mistress death, as it was this one piece of evidence which could have saved her from her brutal death.The hatred we see towards Cassio in Act 3 scene 3 foreshadows Othellos loss in friends, as cassio was a besotted friend of umpteen others, therefore when Iagos real character is unveiled in the final act, everyone takes Othello to be a very low person as he was manipulated by Iago, into thinking that his wife, who was in actual fact innocent, was being unfaithful to him. Roderigo who was also close to Othello was killed due to Iago. Desdemonas murder was also caused due to the hatred towards Cassio, and this lead to the dismissal of his position, as everyone felt that Othello was not worthy of carrying out his job with respect. Othellos friends, his wife and his reputation were his life, which he lost due to his insecurities, and manipulation by the deceitful Iago.In conclusion the fact that so much significant and crucial parts take place in Act 3 scene 3 proves that it is very important to the rest of the play, as it really starts to develop the p lot and themes we have seen growing throughout earlier scenes. This is the scene when we see Iago has successfully manipulated Othello into believing that Desdemona has not been faithful to him, this is very significant to the rest of the play as it affects everything Othello feels and says from this point onwards. r.In Act III jibe 3 Iago convinces a man who loves his wife completely that she is having an affair with one of his most trusted subjects without using one shred of proof or any real basis. This is a man who can make the most innocent of people guilty and the most loved, hated. He uses many tactics to persuade Othello that Desdemona is bearded darnel on him with Cassio, the reason, is retaliate. Scene 3 is the most important scene to the rest of the play because it accelerates the plot.Othello is a black man in the play, of extremely high dominance he is a proud army general who is looked upon with respect by the state and many leading Dukes. He first comes across to the audience as being very composed and a gentle character towards others. However in Act III Scene 3, Othello?s character takes a salient transformation, from a loving, considerate man, to a man complete with hatred and full of energy for revenge.Our first impressions of Iago are that he is a very sly and cunning man. However in Act III Scene 3 we see the true extent of his evil nature and his manipulating skills. Iago is motivated by jealousy. Iago expresses anger and compunction that the learned Cassio is promoted to lieutenant above him by Othello. He considers himself much more worthy of the position because of his superior experience and expresses and intense desire to get his revenge on Othello. Iago tells the audience in one of his soliloquies I hate the Moor, and he shows his hatred of Othello in the opening scene of the play. Iago refers to Othello as the Moor, and makes many racist comments about him such as Barbary horse and an old black ram. However Iago uses many tec hniques to completely transform Othello?s character.Firstly, Iago plants seeds of suspicion in Othello?s mind, and continues to water and nurture them throughout the whole scene, until he has completely ruined Othello. For instance, Iago?s first words in Act III Scene 3 are ?Ha I like not that?. He is clearly trying to think that something is going on between Desdemona and Cassio. He is doing this in a very sly manor. This clearly illustrates the fact that one of Iago?s techniques is to arouse suspicion.?I know our Country Disposition wellIn Venice they do let God see the pranksThey dare not show their husbands Their best conscienceIs not to leave?t undone but keep?t unknown?. Here Iago plays on Othello?s insecurities. He makes a brief statement saying that Venetian women?s consciences don?t tell them that having personal matters is morally wrong only that they must keep them well hidden from their husbands. Othello knows all too well that Desdemona is a Venetian woman and Iago is using this to imply that since Desdemona is a Venetian woman, what would excuse her from acting the way the majority do. The only reason this technique is so effective is because Othello does not come from Venice but rather a land far away. He feels like an outsider at this comment and knows little of Venetian custom and tradition. As Iago so boldly states he knows ?our country disposition well? and as far as Othello is concerned he is a trustworthy source of information.??Look to her, Moor, if thou has eyes to seeShe has deceived her father and may thee?.Iago says ?She did deceive her father marrying you, and when she seem?d to shake and fear your looks, she?d love them most?. This clearly means to remind Othello of Brabantino?s earlier warning. If she deceived her father, the man who had loved and cherished her all her life, what would stop her from deceiving her husband? The audience at this point suspect that Othello would be quite distraught at this proposition.By repeating c ertain words Iago also emphasises their meaning to Othello. ?Honest? is an important word because it is the centre of the conversation. Is Cassio honest? By repeating this word it may seem to Othello that Iago thinks he?s not. ?Think? could also be an important word. Think leaves no room for doubt, you are not certain he is honest.Iago later behinds to hold back his thoughts and lets Othello try to dwindle him down into saying them. By Iago playing this sly game, it makes Othello more intrigued to know his thoughts he uses Othellos curiosity against him. some other technique Iago uses to warn Othello is jealousy.?Oh beware, my lord, of Jealousy,It is the green-eyed Monsterwhich doth mock the meat it feeds on?.Whilst pretending to maintain his integrity by not telling Othello, Iago now releases monster. He had said nothing that would indicate that Othello should have reason to be jealous, but by warning him now of jealousy, he suggests that there may be something about which to be j ealous. Iago does this to show his pretence companionship towards Othello, as if hes looking out for him when really its quite the converse.This however builds great tautness towards the audience because the audience don?t know what Othello is thinking right at this moment due to the fact that Iago has planted the seed of jealousy into Othello?s mind leaving him confused.One of Iagos final techniques in undermining Othellos trust in Desdemona is his use of imagery to sicken Othello. Iago uses images of goats and monkeys to represent Cassio and Desdemona and describes them having a sexual relationship together. Iago also is using this speech to think of a way that he can prove to Othello that Cassio and Desdemona are in fact involved in a sexual relationship together. Iago also is using this speech to think of a way that he can prove to Othello that Cassio and Desdemona are in fact involved in a sexual relationship together. Some may describe Iago as Wasting time here and planning w hat he will do and say to Othello next. Iago cooks up the perfect plan, this involves Cassio calm talking. As Iago has Othellos full trust, Othello does not even consider this not to be true.Iago confesses to Othello that in sleep I heard him say Sweet Desdemona. Iago also tells of Cassios sexual advance on him to further anger Othello. Iago has now given Othello the perfect evidence and as Othello now trusts Iago completely he will believe it. The last dramatic device which Iago uses to make Othello feel even worse is add the handkerchief into the agenda. He comments on a handkerchief which he has seen in Cassios lodgings, Iago also gives Othello the picture of Cassio using this important gift and family air loom to Othello, also his first gift to his wife Desdemona to see Cassio wipe his beard with.This image angers Othello completely. However this will be a time of great tension for the audience as they wait with bated breath to see what will happen next. They will reflect on ho w cruel the torturer is being to his victim and be hypnotised but appalled by how clever Iago is ?having everything planned so neatly. They would very much want Othello not to jump to conclusions.This is where Act III Scene 3 abruptly ends, with Iago swearing to serve Othello in everything. The scene finishes with Othello declaring he will kill Desdemona and appointing his newfound companion Iago as his lieutenant?Damn her, lewd teasing O, damn her, damn herCome, go with me apart. I will withdrawTo furnish me with some sift means of deathFor the fair devil. Now art thou my lieutenant?.This ending is very unexpected and almost infuriating as it leaves the audience in shock because only they know that Othello is making the wrong decision, all due to Iagos malicious and scheming ways. The scene is also quite upsetting for the audience, as the reality of Desdemonas deliberate death is just around the corner, and they know she is the innocent, yet a condemned victim. Othello also instr ucts Iago to kill Cassio too, as in Othellos mind Cassio is as much to blame as his dishonest wife they are both works of pure evil.CONCLUSIONThe key moment in this scene where the audience knows for certain that Othello is convinced is when Iago belittles Othello and Desdemonas relationship, regarding it in its most instinctive form, a sexual relationship. Othello however approaches it as serious and loving relationship, ? Nor to comply with heat the young affects in me defunct and proper satisfaction But to be free and bounteous to her mind. That is why the audience is particularly amazed that Othello resorts to animalistic images too.Othello refers to Desdemona as haggard, a hawk that cannot be tamed. He also refers to himself as a toad this is a far cry from the man who stood in front of the Duke and other important men of Venice declaring his love. Shakespeare uses this technique to show us that Othello has lost his confidence and is no longer self-assured. As he becomes more a nd more angry his control through his speech begins to slip, no longer does he speak in long flowing sentences but now in exclamations, which hints at his loss of capability to loose his temper. He is also speaking in a similar way to Iago and this may symbolise that he has come to think in the same manner. These images show the audience the depth of Othellos jealousy, the woman he loved he now criticize.However the most effective method that Iago uses to convince Othello of Desdemonas infidelity is by using one of Othellos most treasured possessions and telling Othello that his wife, Desdemona has given it away to her lover, Cassio. The handkerchief was the first gift he gave to Desdemona, so it possesses enormous sentimental value to Othello. Finding out that Desdemona has given it away shows her as inimical. It must have hurt and angered him, after all the woman he loves and is married to has given away without a care for him, would almost certainly anger him, for in Othellos min d she has thought the handkerchief to be a meaningless piece of cloth. This is enough proof for Othello to be convinced that Iago is telling the truth and for him to kill both Desdemona and Cassio.

Internet Activities 9.1 and 10.2 Essay

1. What be the key benefits of implementing a supply chain solution such as SAP? The key benefits that any company would achieve from utilize systems typic all toldy like the SAP supply chain solutions include the following A quicker response for changes occurring in the market Having higher margins than the competitors by sparing on operating theateral costs Transparency of information in the business which would lead to a smaller cash recover cycle Increased synchronisation in the business and its operation. The business will be able to set it priorities in an organized fashion The ultimate result of using such systems would be an increase in the satisfaction of the customers as the system can provide for customization. The company will also be able to track and reminder the entry of the company with the regulations in the markets it is operating in. In short the business is able to synchronize the supply of the company with the demand in the market, be more antiphona l to the changes in the market pertaining to price and supply/ demand fluctuations as well as have a reliable and efficient network which can monitor the supply chain2. What are the likely challenges in implementing a supply chain solution? The biggest challenge faced by the company in implementing a supply chain solution is to integrate it with the existing business processes at the company. All business tend to be somewhat different in their operation and the business language, but when using a software solution for the supply chain, then the business processes relating to the supply chain activities have to be exactly the kindred as required by the software.Otherwise the business would have discrepancies existing between the supply chain activities and the supply chain reporting and records stored by the software. In this case the efficiency of the system and the process is sacrificed. Exercise 10. 2 1. In what ways does Volkswagens website illustrate the characteristics of inte grated merchandise communications? The characteristics of an integrated marketing communication are that it is coherent, consistent, has continuity and is complementary.The website for Volkswagen shows that the different methods of communication like, getting a quote online, emailing the company, registering for a certified car, finding the nearest show room etc, all is integrated on the website and communicated to the customer. Similarly all the messages on the website about the uniqueness of the cars are not contradictory and therefore supporting consistency in communications. The WebPages are continues in their format and play on the same message again and again which is when you are in a Volkswagen, it is in you.The color scheming, the format of the WebPages and the messages and meat displayed on the site supports each other and is complementary in nature 2. How does Volkswagen go beyond its own communications to create its unique identity? Volkswagen has been able to differen tiate itself from its competitors by handing the design board over to the customer. Using the website the customers can design their own personalized VW and Beetle cars. This provides for extensive customization to the products.The company also invested in a transparent manufacturing plant in Dresden to show the customers how their automobiles are made. The company has also advanced in the R&D function by inviting customers to arrange to the factory and design the car they want. This interactive and two way communication through the website as well as on location has enabled the country to consecrate its unique spirit while going beyond the scopes of an automobile manufacturer.References1. SAP Supply Chain Benefits, available at http//www.marketing-online.co.uk/ch8.pdf

Wavelength Conversion Four Wave Mixing in Silicon Waveguide

Wave space Conversion by Degenerate Four Wave Mixing in Silicon Waveguide Abstract Four-wave mixing (FWM) is one of the provoke nonlinearities in optic systems. It is mainly used for wave length variation. To investigate the factors that consider the wavelength conversion efficiency, the phylogeny of Four-wave mixing (FWM) in atomic number 14 wave guide is modeled using matlab. The system of modeling is described. The effects of in range affectionateness male monarch and waveguide length on the conversion efficiency are investigated.Results show that when propagating along a 0. 048m silicon waveguide, both the input pump ability and stroke fountain decreases, while anti-stroke power increases first and then decreases along the waveguide. It is also shown that for a 0. 048 silicon waveguide, payoff anti-stroke power is the maximum when the input pump power is 3W. Also, when the input pump power is kept constant, there is a most effective waveguide length for wavelength c onversion. Keywords -FWM model conversion efficiency input pump power waveguide length 1 IntroductionFour-wave mixing (FWM) is an inter modulation phenomenon in optical systems, whereby interaction between three waves (two pump waves and a signal wave) produce a fourth wave (idler wave) 1. This phenomenon can be used for all optical wavelength conversion (AOWC) and entangled photon generation 2, 3. As extremely small core of si wires produce the nonlinear optical effect even under low optical power, Silicon is used as waveguide in our project for practical wavelength conversion by FWM process with seven-day waveguide lengths and smaller prolongation loss4.Factors that affect optical wavelength conversion are being studied to enhance the conversion efficiency. It has therefore become important to study FWM in silicon waveguide theoretically to increase the conversion efficiency for further experiment. In our project, FWM matlab to study the factors that affect the conversion effic iency. This paper discusses the factors that affect FWMs conversion efficiency in silicon waveguide. Theoretical treatment is presented in section 2, where FWM in silicon waveguide is described. The method to model FWM in silicon waveguide using matlab is described in section 3.Results are shown in section 4. Results show that both the input pump power and the waveguide length play an important part in the FWMs conversion efficiency. 2 THEORY The FWM process involves the interaction of four waves (two Pump waves, one signal and one idler wave) as they propagates along a medium. In our project, silicon waveguide is used as the medium. The schematic diagram of FWM in silicon waveguide is shown in figure 1. Here, E represents the electric country of the findive waves and normalized such that power P=E2. Subscripts p, s and a represent pump, signal and idler respectively.The superscript f represents forward propagating waves. pic look-alike 1 Schematic diagram of FWM in silicon waveg uide . 3 METHODOLOGY The evolution of the three waves along the silicon waveguide can be modeled by the following oppositeial equations 1. picpicpicpic where Aeff is the waveguide effective core area, ? is the wavelength, ? is the linear propagation loss and ? is the TPA coefficient, ? is the FCA cross section and ? eff is the effective common carrier lifetime. h and c follow their usual physical meaning of Planks constant and free-space speed of light respectively. k de nones the linear phase pair and can be expressed aspic. ? is the nonlinear parameter assumed to be the same for three wavelengths and defined as pic where n2 is the nonlinear refractive index. To simulate the evolution of the three waves along the silicon waveguide, the above four differential equation are solved simultaneously using Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) method 2. Parameters Input-Output simulation values ? ampere-second/4. 34 m-1 Aeff 0. 17? 10(-12) m2 ? 0. 7? 10(-11) m/W ? p 1310? 10(-9) m ? eff 1? 10(-9) s c 2. 998? 10(8) h 6. 626? 10(-34) Js ? k 0 m/s ? p 1. 0297? 10-21m2 ? 2. 43 ? 10(-11) m/W 4 RESULTs and discussion . 1 Modelling of FWM in silicon waveguide Given Pp=1W, Ps=0. 001W, Pa=0W and L=0. 048m, Pump power, stroke power and anti-stroke power are drawn with respect to the position in the waveguide. picpicpicThe figures above show that when propagating in the waveguide, both the pump power and stroke power decrease while the anti-stoke power increases. This is as expected, as the interaction of the pump wave and stroke wave produce the anti-stroke wave. The increase of the anti-stroke power comes from the decrease of the pump and stroke power.It can be seen that, at the break off of the waveguide, the pump power is only 0. 26W and the stoke power is only 0. 026W. Both of them decrease 74% of their original power. Both the pump power and stroke power decrease fast at the beginning, and then their decrease rate becomes slower when propagating further in the waveg uide. This implies that the higher the pump power and the stroke power, the higher the propagation loss. As a result, the anti-stroke power increases fast at the beginning and then its increasing rate slows down. At the length of 0. 42m, the power of the anti-stroke reaches its maximum value which is close 3. 2*10-5W. Then the anti-stroke power starts to decrease slowly. This whitethorn be because when the pump and stroke power is small, the gain of the anti-stroke power is less than its propagation loss. 4. 2 Effects of input pump power on conversion efficiency Given Ps=0. 001W, Pa=0W and L=0. 048m, Pp changes from 0 to 10W with step 0. 2W. The graph of the take stroke power and the output anti-stroke power are drawn with respect to the input pump power. pic Figure 2. 1 Output stroke power with different input pump powerThis graph shows that the big the input pump power, the smaller the output stroke power. This is as expected, as the larger the input pump power, the larger the propagation loss. The output stroke decreases slower when the input pump power is higher. pic Figure 2. 2 Output anti-stroke power with different input pump power This graph shows that when the input pump power is less than3W, the higher the input pump power, the higher the output anti-stroke power. This is as expected, as more input power can be converted to anti-stroke power when the input pump power is larger.When the input pump power is larger than3W, the output anti-stoke power decreases with the input pump power. As the higher the input pump power, the higher the propagation loss. When the input pump power is larger than3W, the propagation loss dominates. 4. 3 Effects of waveguide length on conversion efficiency To investigate the relationship between the waveguide length and the conversion efficiency, input power are keep constant, Pp=1W, Ps=0. 001W, Pa=0W, L changes from 0. 001m to 0. 1m with step 0. 001m. Output stroke power and output anti-stroke power are drawn with respe ct to different waveguide length. pic Figure 3. 1 Output stroke power with different waveguide length This graph shows that the longer the waveguide length, the smaller the output stroke power. This is as expected, as the longer the waveguide length, the larger the propagation loss. The decreasing rate of the output stroke power decreases with the waveguide length. pic Figure 3. 2 Output anti-stroke power with different waveguide length This graph shows that when the waveguide length is less than 0. 048m, the output anti-stroke power increases with the waveguide length.This implies that the gain is larger than the propagation loss in the waveguide. When the waveguide length is larger than 0. 48m, the output anti-stoke power decreases with the waveguide length. At waveguide length larger than 0. 048m, the propagation loss is larger than the gain of the anti-stroke power. The output anti-stroke power has a maximum value of 4. 5*103 when the waveguide is 0. 048m. Thus, the most effecti ve waveguide length is 0. 048m. 5 Conclusion The expiration serves the important last of drawing together the various sections of the written report.The conclusion is a summary, and the developments of the previous sections or chapters should be succinctly restated, important findings discussed and conclusions drawn from the whole study. In addition, you may list questions that have appeared in the course of the study that require additional research, beyond the limits of the project being reported. Where appropriate, recommendations for future work may be included. The conclusion should, however, leave the reader with an impression of completeness and of gain. AcknowledgmentThe author would like to express her deepest gratitude to A/P Luan Feng and PhD student Huang Ying for their guidance, assistance and advices. The author also wishes to acknowledge the funding nominate for this project from Nanyang Technological University under the Undergraduate Research Experience on Campus (URECA) programme. References The template will number citations consecutively within sustains 1. The metre punctuation follows the bracket 2. Refer simply to the reference number, as in 3do not use Ref. 3 or reference 3 except at the beginning of a sentence Reference 3 was the first Number footnotes separately in superscripts. Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the column in which it was cited. Do not put footnotes in the reference list. Use letters for table footnotes. Unless there are six authors or more give all authors names do not use et al. Papers that have not been published, even if they have been submitted for publication, should be cited as unpublished 4. Papers that have been accepted for publication should be cited as in press 5. Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for proper nouns and element symbols.For papers published in translation journals, please give the English citation first, followed by the original foreign-language citation 6. 1 G. Eason, B. Noble, and I. N. Sneddon, On certain integrals of Lipschitz-Hankel type involving products of Bessel functions, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, vol. A247, pp. 529-551, April 1955. (references) 2 J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on electrical energy and Magnetism, 3rd ed. , vol. 2. Oxford Clarendon, 1892, pp. 68-73. 3 I. S. Jacobs and C. P. Bean, Fine particles, thin films and exchange anisotropy, in Magnetism, vol.III, G. T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds. New York Academic, 1963, pp. 271-350. 4 K. Elissa, Title of paper if known, unpublished. 5 R. Nicole, Title of paper with only first word capitalized, J. Name Stand. Abbrev. , in press. 6 Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, Electron spectroscopy studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate interface, IEEE Transl. J. Magn. Japan, vol. 2, pp. 740-741, August 1987 Digests 9th Annual Conf. Magnetics Japan, p. 301, 1982. 7 M. Young, The Technical Writers Handbook. Mill Valley, CA University Science, 1989.

Different Forms of Fdi

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is an investment that is made to acquire a lasting interest in an enterprise operating in an economic other than that of the investor. In addition foreign direct investment (FDI) refers to long terminus participation by country A into country B. It usu exclusivelyy involves participation in management, joint-venture, transfer of technology and know-how. FDI has many tropes and theses crowd out be categorized depending on the investors perspective and innkeeper countrys perspective.Investors perspective Controlling a foreign investment is such a big concern for an investor spend huge amounts of capital in a foreign market where it cannot be certain of success. The investor needs to control his resources such as patents, trademarks, management know-how, which when transferred can be used to determine the competitiveness position of the original holder. Horizontal Vs Vertical FDI Horizontal FDI takes place when a firm invests in the same industry as i t has been operating in at home.This would be for example a slowly drink company in UK investing in Uganda in the making of soft drinks alike Pepsi. Vertical FDI is divided into Forward and Backward FDI. Forward Vertical takes place when a firm invests in facilities that will consume the output of the experience company in the home country. Different economic factors encourage inward FDIs. These include interest loans, tax breaks, grants, subsidies, and the removal of restrictions and limitations. This is usually done in hunting for markets .Usually the company invests in distribution and market facilities that absorb and market the products of the company in Uganda . Backward Vertical FDI is the kind of FDI where a company invests in facilities that provide inputs or raw materials to the p bent company. Most FDIs in the less developing countries such as Uganda are backward investments. They provide inputs for the firms industry in foreign country. Typical examples are Extractio n investments in the mining industry.Host country perspective Governments always endeavor to control FDI because they feel that national interests of the host country may not well be served by the decision of a foreign investor. For example the government of Uganda regulates the number of foreign staff that companies like MTN, Zain take to employ otherwise positions could be given to foreign employees. The concern of Government of Uganda would be to ensure investments create jobs for the local populace.The government might as well need to control the level of profits repatriated or else it could cause a BOP problem. Import substitution FDIs. these are companies that are ceremonious to produce goods that have been previously imported for example Bidcos oil for cooking. Export promotion FDI. These are established to enhance and promote exportation of products to the international market, Government initiated FDIs these are established by governments to spur economic growth and deve lopment for instance the Tri-Star project between the government of Uganda and USAGreed-field investment establishing a wholly new surgical procedure in a foreign country. The majority of investments is in the form of mergers &acquisitions Represents about 77%of all flows in developing countries and represent about 33%of all flows in less developing countries. Fewer target firms. The preference for mergers &acquisitions is because it becomes quicker to execute. And foreign firms have valuable strategic assets which increase the efficiency FDIs inform of conjunction venturesAn equity joint venture is established according to the Law on Joint Ventures Using Ugandan and Foreign Investment Both profits and risks are distributed between the foreign married person and Ugandan partner according to the share of capital they contribute to the joint venture. Foreign contribution usually takes t form of machinery and equipment, technology, cash (in convertible currencies), industrial proper ty rights, and managerial experience, and the Ugandan partner provides land, factory buildings and facilities, raw materials, and cash in local currency.A contractual joint venture, which involves no equity stake, does not necessarily lead to the creation of a new legal entity. A third party can be appointed by the foreign partner and the Ugandan partner to manage the venture, or the foreign partner can entrust the Ugandan partner to manage the venture. Profits and risks are distributed between the two partners not according to capital contribution, but predetermined by the terms and conditions laid down in the venture agreement

Under the Sea

One very hot summer day I went scuba nose dive in the ocean. It was so beautiful under the water. There were so many opposite kinds of fish, plants and other sea creatures. My favorite was a purple octopuses, a school of color full sea horses and of souse the roughly magnificent sea turtles. They were huge. One of them was even 3 times my size. I was so fascinated nigh the beauty of the sea, I lost track of time. As I was wondering rough I utterly came across a hidden urban center. In the middle of the entrance it looked bid a board interruption with a name written on but, I could non make appear the letters overdue to many years of fading.It was Like the city called me closer. As I entered the city I saw so many assorted kinds of tumbled down houses. There was small ground level ones and self-aggrandizing double store ones. I stumbled across what once was the mall. I absolutely loved It. I wish I could impart been part of this magnificent city. Yes, Its true, ever ything was under water and old but It was so fascinating. I wonder what happened to the people. At the very end of the city there was this gigantic palace. The king probably lived there. I decided to go and Investigate. As I swam in I was amazed. It was so beautiful in there and it was almost like the time Todd still.A faded red carpet welcomed me and at the sides there was statues which ended at the throne. Obviously I sat down. After pretending to be the Queen, I wondered through the palace. Each board had a different theme. Suddenly I heard a beep, it was the gas tank telling me I only had a few minutes of air left. I really did not want to go but I had no choice. On my way out I took a souvenir to bring forward this place. When I got home I told everyone of this hidden city, but no one would believe me. Looks like the city of wonders (thats what I called it) did not want to be found.Under the SeaOne very hot summer day I went scuba diving in the ocean. It was so beautiful un der the water. There were so many different kinds of fish, plants and other sea creatures. My favorite was a purple octopuses, a school of color full sea horses and of souse the most magnificent sea turtles. They were huge. One of them was even 3 times my size. I was so fascinated about the beauty of the sea, I lost track of time. As I was wondering around I suddenly came across a hidden city. In the middle of the entrance it looked like a board hanging with a name written on but, I could not make out the letters due to many years of fading.It was Like the city called me closer. As I entered the city I saw so many different kinds of tumbled down houses. There was small ground level ones and big double storage ones. I stumbled across what once was the mall. I absolutely loved It. I wish I could have been part of this magnificent city. Yes, Its true, everything was under water and old but It was so fascinating. I wonder what happened to the people. At the very end of the city there wa s this gigantic palace. The king probably lived there. I decided to go and Investigate. As I swam in I was amazed. It was so beautiful in there and it was almost like the time Todd still.A faded red carpet welcomed me and at the sides there was statues which ended at the throne. Obviously I sat down. After pretending to be the Queen, I wondered through the palace. Each room had a different theme. Suddenly I heard a beep, it was the gas tank telling me I only had a few minutes of air left. I really did not want to go but I had no choice. On my way out I took a souvenir to remember this place. When I got home I told everyone of this hidden city, but no one would believe me. Looks like the city of wonders (thats what I called it) did not want to be found.

Interview with a Medical Coder Essay

Medicine is an art, it is science and business. There are scientific and artistic aspects those doctors learn in the profession of medicine. Doctors have to be paid which requires a different skill that is complex and comes with administrative professional. track a Medical Biller and Coding. Medical Billers and Coders work with clinics, doctors, hospitals, patients, and other medical exam facilities. Submitting claims to insurance companies champion ensure that encouraging staff and doctors are properly reimbursed for run rendered. When one is a Medical Biller there are abbreviations and acronyms that help save beat when filing a claim. Many offices have their own most frequently utilise acronyms and abbreviations that they use to do their coding and billing. There are many acronyms and abbreviations used in all medical practices. Here are some examplesEDI (Electronic Data Interchange) Electronic claims that are sent to a central clearinghouse for statistical distribution for individual carriers.EOB (Explanation of Benefits) This refers to a document that is issued by an insurance company that responds to a claim statement which bug out tenors what operate are covered and what services are not, and what level of reimbursement are available.HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) The privacy rule, which outlines real entities in a person wellness plan, clearinghouses can disclose or use person health information, and who may be allowed to access a patients personal medical records.HMO (Health Maintenance Organization) Is a health management plan that requires patients to have a PCP (primary care physician). A PCP is where patients seek out most of their initial treatment at. If the PCP feels like it is necessary to seek treatment from specialist they willing send a patient to within that network. CMS (Centers for Medicaid & Medicare Services) United States Department of Health & Human Services that dish out Medicaid, Childrens H ealth Insurance Program, and Medicare.PPO (Preferred Provider Organization) This allows patients to visit providers that are contracted with their insurance companies. If that patient visits a non-contracted provider, the claim will be considered out-of-network.WC (Workers Compensation) The U.S. Department of Labor program provides insurance for employees whom may get wound on their place of employment.POS (Point of Service) An insurance plan that offers low cost HMOs when a patient sees network providers by their insurance company. Currently the medical coding is transitioning from ICD-9 to ICD-10. ICD-10 is presenting itself with more specific information and data, which in the turn helps with the dry land Health Organization (WHO). With the new ICD-10 codes have increased in character length giving the biller to objurgate which specific extremity it is on a patient (left arm, right arm). ICD-10 compliance date is coming October 1, 2014. ICD- 10 reimbursement has said to have s ome challenges with DRG payments. The changes that are known to take place do not sham the DRG (Drug Related Groups) calculation as expected. The majority of reimbursements that come to a hospital are establish on DRG.The impact on an organization with Medicare revenue of $150 million using a -0.04% variance it would be a $600,000 loss, which is still a substantial amount. Amounts of reimbursements can shift and vary depending on mix of a facilities DRGs. In ICD-10 fiscal impact will be with slowdown in submission of final codes, rejections and denials because on inaccurate codes, and productivity loss (Smith, 2013). Medical billers and coders should not be overly concerned with these changes.Medical armorial bearing and Coding specialist deal with patients medical records which contain physicians notes for services that were rendered at the timeof the patients visit. The medical biller and coder translates that information to a five-digit code from American Medical Association Cu rrent adjective Terminology (CPT) or from Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems (ICD). It is crucial for the ICD and CPT codes match with the services rendered or a claim will be rejected, many claims are initially rejected.The cost of health care is on the rise and the demand for services has increased of required and specialty services feed into the financial greed among HMOs. The major bulk of hospital bills are paid directly by the patients health insurance provider which are termed the payer. 68% of the United States population has private insurance which is provided by their employer or self-pay. Around 9% of the population are self-payers who direct-purchase their insurance. There are two main categories of third- company payers they are government and private.Medicaid and Medicare are the largest government issued payers. Reimbursements for both private and governmental have policies that support therapeutics, nosology and new medical medicines a nd technologies. It is clinically evidence based approvals such as diagnostic test, prescription medicines, clinical trials and however insurers are using to help with their life cycle. With reimbursements there are incentives for medical facilities and doctors. Reimbursements are a source of revenue for hospitals payers do not pay a full price for services. health care has pose the economys largest force.Healthcare services are very different from other industries because of the production rate. In the health care pains the technology advancement makes a bigger impact than other industries. An assembly line at a manufacturing plant process thousands of the same or identical items. These items are produced by robots and machines which dehumanizes the industry. Patients are cared for on unique terms one by one. Health care is also locally based in every city and state and are not outsourced or out of the country. As the healthcare industry is growing the productivity is slowing dow n. Thus the cost of production in the healthcare industry steadily rises.References(n.d.) AMA American Medical Association. The Difference between ICD-9 and ICD-10. Retrieved July 13, 2013 fromhttp//www.ama-assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/mm/399/icd10-icd9-differences-fact-sheet.pdfMarcinko, D. (2011). Recognizing the Differences between Healthcare and Other Industries. Retrieved July 20, 2013 fromhttp//medicalexecutivepost.com/2011/01/19/recognizing-the-differences-between-healthcare-and-other-industries/ Smith, Donna. (2013). Reimbursement Impact of ICD-10 Should You Be Concerned?. Retrieved from August 15, 2013 Fromhttp//healthcare-executive-insight.advanceweb.com/Features/Articles/Reimbursement-Impact-of-ICD-10-Should-You-Be-Concerned.aspxView as multi-pages

Beer Economics †Supply and Demand Essay

The laws of Supply and Demand may be a simple excogitation except when it comes to beer. Two large beer companies gravel form an Oligopoly and have taken the power from the people. Income high, or income low, beer allow for be purchased even if the price is non always right. A social gathering is not social without the presence of beer. Beer has been a growing manufacture year after year. The craft, or microbrewery industry, has grown tremendously since the other(a) 1980s, and the Brewers Association reckons that there are now over 1,500 brewing companies in the country, a level not seen since Prohibition was introduced in 1919 (Krafoff, 1).Pabst Blue Ribbon, in 1890 the most popular beer in the U. S. , has seen its merchandise share unlade to 2. 8%, but it has enjoyed a resurgence due to its cheap price, decent taste, and new-found cachet among urban flower people (Krafoff, 1). The beer market is a completely open market. Anyone with a marketing idea and a recipe rear end get a contract brewery to make the product (Krafoff, 1). Almost every bar has a dozen taps with independent and local brews, but there are two definite brands you wont ever have to look hard for Coors and Budweiser.As recently as 2004, 64 percent of the globular beer market ownership was fragmented among ten beer corporations (Anderson, 5). In 2008 the merger of Anheuser-Busch (A-B) and global giant InBev created the worlds largest brewer Anheuser-Busch InBev (ABI), followed by SABMiller (second-largest) and Molson Coors Brewing Company (fifth-largest) (Anderson, 5). To better compete with ABIs growing world beer market share, SABMiller and Molson Coors combine their U. S. and Puerto Rico operations to establish their joint venture, MillerCoors LCC (Anderson, 5).With these massive consolidations, the two beer giants (ABI and MillerCoors) now have combined control of to a greater extent than 40 percent of the world beer market and 80 percent of the United States beer market (A nderson, 5). MolsonCoors operates in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom. Their products include Coors Light, Coors, Keystone Light, Blue Moon, MGD 64 and many other perceptible beers. Their number one competitor is Anheuser-Busch. Their products include Budweiser, Bud Light, Michelob, Shock Top and many others. The beer market has formed into a classic oligopoly a market with just a few firms dominating the industry.Both MolsonCoors and Anheuser-Busch have substantial market power and control over beer prices. They are mutually interdependent. MolsonCoors standt chide the price of Coors Light unless Anheuser-Busch elevators the price of Bud Light. Both companies are forced into the game theory. They have to typify a guessing game of what the other company is going to do and lower or raise their prices based upon their assumptions. It may seem easy for them to just agree to the same price and share the market. Unfortunately, that is called a cartel, and is illegal in the United States.Their products have few substitutes and complements. A substitute of beer is wine as the cross-price snatch is . 23. A complement to beer is hard liquor as the cross-price elasticity is -0. 11. Beer is an elastic product because it is not a necessity. Demand is highly affected by price. An example of this is highly popular discount brands such as Keystone Light. MolsonCoors products are equally as elastic as their competitor Anheuser-Busch. They offer discount beers as well as microbrew style beers. Beer is an inferior good. As income falls, quantity of beer learned falls.Beer has a negative income elasticity of demand of -0. 09. This is because when society becomes richer (income rises) things such as fine wines and spirits are substituted for beer. Beer has a couple factors working in its favor. First, the United States is in a recession, thus income is low, and the quantity demanded of beer is high. Second the marginal utility of beer augments as more is c onsumed. The utility of one beer is high but increases with every added beer. This is a major advantage to the two beer giants and their net profit. in that location is not an infinite supply of a given beer.This seems unimportant when no one wants said beer, but is important when it is in high demand. Ideally, the amount of beer will meet (or come close to opposition) the desire for it, meeting a market equilibrium. It may not taste like it, but our beer is actually in danger. The popularity of corn-based fermentation alcohol has already caused a tight market for malt, one of beers three critical grammatical constituents, as farmers more and more forgo the barley crops used to make it in favor of more profitable corn (Boyer, 1). This has caused a worldwide shortage in hops, thus a large increase in price.Barley has go from $157. 6 USD per metric ton in March 2007 to $202. 53 USD per metric ton. The other key ingredient in beer (along with water), hops is a flower that gives beer flavor and aroma (Boyer, 1). The shortage comes after a decade-long surfeit discouraged farmers from planting the crop, which grows on trestles and can take years to mature (Boyer, 1). Since 1994, the amount of farm land area planted in hops worldwide has declined by about half (Boyer, 1). Together, the two mean the beer industry now faces a 10 to 15 percent shortage (Boyer, 1). On the upside, water, aluminum and yeast are widely available and have stable prices.According to MolsonCoors financials, their total revenue (p x q) is $3,254,000. We can withdraw that they sell every beer at about $3 which would make their quantity sold at well-nigh 1,084,667 cans. Thats billions This business model seems to be working. Molson Coors is currently earning economic profits. Their current net income is 670 million dollars. The stockholders integrity is currently 7,779. The current prime rate is 3. 5% so by multiplying that by the stockholders equity we can assume the owners implicit co sts are approximately 272. 7 million dollars. MolsonCoors generates profits of about 397. 03 million dollars per year.Beer is a profitable product because it is widely sold in many markets and, condescension rising costs, fairly inexpensive to produce. Since MolsonCoors has been a company for many years, they have low long stay average total costs. Over the years they have been able to decrease their operating costs and increase production and in doing so, reaching a point of economies of scale. Below is a fictitious example of how as quantity rises, total costs only rise a little bit.

Comparison of Two Poems

In two of D. H Lawrences work Bat and valet de chambre and Bat, both poems gift the causations encounters with loony and his liveliness of rebuff towards them. In this essay I will compare the two poems in terms of tone, rung, verbiage and style. Both Bat and humanity and cricket bat started with a peaceful tone the causation pick ups the setting in Florence, Italy and gives a calming tone to the readers. However, as the author proceeds with the poem, and starts to introduce a bat, the tone starts to change.In bat, the tone changes gradually, the author wonders why a swallow would fly so late- at this point he describes the swallows movement and the tone changes the readers sense a mysterious tactile property. When the author does confirm that the madam is in fact a bat, the tone of the poem changes, we sense the disgust the author looking ats towards the bats, using haggling such as old rag, giving uneasy creeping in ones scalp (341-342). This particular tone set by the author coarsely defines the hate he has for bats and as well as due to change in rhythm and diction, helps the readers experience the events within the poem.However, the tone in gentlemans gentleman and Bat did not change as gradually, in fact it changes drastically. Soon after the start of the poem, the author introduces the bat and almost immediately words such as disgusting and off Go Out (342) sets the tone of disgust. Throughout the rant the tone remains the same, hardly the author did change the tone twice when the main typesetters case in the poem (supposedly the author) realizes that the bat cannot leave his room because he cannot face the light, a sense of pity clouds the readers, the author feels pit for the bat and changes the mood slightly for a while.The tone of disgust returns though soon after yet it changes again whilst the author wants to execute the bat and throw it away, he said that he didnt create the bat therefore he cannot kill it, the tone shi fts choke off to pity for the second time, giving the readers more hints that the author does pity the bat and does not wish to kill it. Man and Bat ends quite gracefully, the last few sentences had a peaceful tone, the author was quite keen that the bat had left and now enjoys the evening leaving the readers at ease.However, in Bat the ending soundless had the tone of disgust, ending the poem with an exclamation mark authentically emphasizes on the disgust. Both Bat and Man and Bat also start with similar rhythm the pace was quite behind with the help of ellipses which helped lengthened the sentences. These prolonged sentences tend to calm the readers, so they could feel how lazy the author feels through the poem. In Bat, the author changes the rhythm gradually too after noticing the birds, the author still narrates with a lazy rhythm but also attentive, and that is how the readers start to feel suspicious of these swallows.As soon as the bats are introduced, exclamation mark s are also introduced to readers these exclamation marks give a heightened sensation to the readers and make them feel rushed (finding themselves reading through the poem with greater speed). This fast rhythm also gives more tautness to the readers, giving a thriller feel and gives more entertainment value to the poem, as the author describes in great detail the bats flights. However, the author still uses ellipses as he describes the bats, but these ellipses have a different effect instead of prolonging the sentence it adds more mystery and a hint of uncertainty.In Man and Bat, the rhythm doesnt change as gradually and the rhythm is even faster than that of Bat as soon as the bat is introduced, the author changes the rhythm immediately, using repetition of the words pear-shaped and round and round (342) to rush and tense the readers more into reading the poem faster. The scene where the author tries to escape the bat is a typical action scene, happening very quickly. The author uses more exclamation marks to tense and fasten the rhythm more and this fast rhythm really helps the readers to understand the situation of the poem and also enhances the tone of disgust the author uses in the poem.Nevertheless, Man and Bat ended in a calming pace, the author reflects on the bat and threw away his grudges towards it- it leaves the readers content with the happy ending. However, Bat did not end as peaceful the ending came abruptly, the author still hints a disgusted tone and the rhythm did not slow down- it even ended with an exclamation mark. This kind of ending leaves the readers hanging unlike Man and Bat. There were two main dictions in Bat and Man and Bat diction for movement and diction for disgust.Both poems describe the bats movements in the air, going round and round and round and in both works the author emphasizes on his revolt towards the disgusting old rags. In Bat, the author chose words such as swallows with spools of dark thread sewing the shadows to gether when describing the birds movement the readers feel the mystery of these swallows- yet not disgusted- and in some way the swallows flight seemed elegant. However, when realizing that these swallows were in fact bats, the author uses words such as wildly vindictive and hanging disgustingly upside down (341) even though these are the same birds he saw.The authors change of words help adding depth towards the tone of disgust he hints, and his excerpt of words impact how the readers feel towards the bat, mainly revolt. The authors choice of words also affects the rhythm the readers think that the bats movements are wild, uneasy and frightening instead of the elegance of the swallows. Nevertheless, the authors choice of words in Man and Bat even emphasizes more on the bats crazy movements and his dislike towards them. Within the first page the author already plunges into words such as a twitchy, nervous, intolerable flight, a neurasthenic lunge and impure frenzy (342).These word s really affect the poems pace and adding more depth towards the already obvious hatred readers feel overwhelmed whilst reading Man and Bat because it contains carefully chosen words which gives great impact. Another obvious technique the author uses is repetition of the word round which is used to describe the movement of the bat within the characters room. In fact, the author uses that word 22 times in Man and Bat. In conclusion, D. H Lawrence used tone, rhythm and diction to his full advantage when writing Bat and Man and Bat to portray his repulse towards bat and its wild and frightening movements.